Pest coffee Arabica plants

AGRICULTURE - Is a plant pest vermin which may result in losses in coffee plantations . The following is a pest in coffee plantations . Hope it is useful

Coffee fruit borer ( PBko )

Current conditions indicate that the coffee borer is a pest that is very detrimental to coffee farmers , PBko attack can reduce the quality of coffee and a decrease in production of up to 20-30 % is not uncommon even exist farmers failed to harvest .

Brownish-black beetle male insect 1.3 mm long and 2 mm female , female beetles attack young coffee fruit with how to move into coffee beans and laying around 30-50 grains , eggs hatch into caterpillars that broaching . factors that influence the development of pests :

• Planting under .200 altitude above sea level
• Fruit inventory attacked continuously enabling the development of the coffee fruit powder continuously from generation to generation, 
• Shade is too dense resulting in high humidity , this situation is a very suitable environment with the development of pest PBko .

symptoms :

• The female beetles into coffee berries through the end of the fruit of mid near discus
• The attack on the young fruit will cause the fruit to dry out and fall
• Mild attacks cause defective coffee beans perforated and junky .
• Serious attacks on fairly old fruit seeds resulted in a damaged section

Borer / coffee Branch.

The cause of these pests are beetles Xylosandros and Zeuzera spp . Symptoms of Hama are :

• on the trunk and branches are attacked there is a hole .
• Beetle attack trunk, branches and small twigs shoots 3-7 of coffee .
• coffee leaves turn yellow and fall off , the branches are hollow so it will dry twigs and branches do not bear fruit .

control :

• Cut stems / branches infected 1 cm below the hole and burned .
• Discard and burn trees that have died that aims to break the life cycle of the beetle .
• closing the hole gerekang using organic pesticides and destroy the caterpillars caterpillars of the affected plants .
• using the biological gene fungus Beauveria bassiana the same treatment to the treatment of pests PBko .

lice Green

The cause of this pest is green tick (Coccus viridis) and the factors that influence the development of pests are:

• An increase in the population is affected by relative humidity during the day below 70%.
• Rapid deployment assisted by ants gramang and wind. Host plants. Coffee, oranges, tea, mango, guava, guava and cloves.

Symptoms:

• Ticks attack all parts of the plant green young coffee such as flowers, fruit, leaves branches and stems that are still green by sucking fluids.
• parts of the affected plants turn yellow, the plant becomes stunted growth, growth of shoots and branches short and unhealthy.
• This ticks secrete a sweet liquid that is preferred by ants and bore the growing medium for mushrooms dew soot (black / bana)

Control:

Prevention can be done with garden sanitation is cut all the branches and twigs of the plant is then used as a material of organic fertilizer (compost) as well as collect the remains of the old crop / dry or unproductive and do weeding.

destroy parts of crops were attacked and flush organic pesticides.

Ticks green scales is closely related to ants so the ants should also be sprayed with an organic pesticide that his ants reduced.

Nematode Parasites

The cause of this pest is a nematode Pratylenchus coffea and Radopholus similis are migratory endoparasitic nematodes move. yanjg factors influence the development of Hama are:

• Depending on rainfall and soil temperature. Population peak generally occurs during the rainy season when the soil in a moist state.
• The population declined during the dry season. Host plants: Coffee, Tephrosia (Crotalaria juncea)

Symptoms:

• The attacked coffee plants look stunted, the leaves turn yellow, fall and eventually die.
• The growth of primary branches / main inhibited so that only produce few flowers, flower prematurely and many are empty.
• The roots of fibrous root rot, brown or black, on a heavy attack the plants will die.

Control:

Controlling the use of different types of coffee plants with nematode resistant parasites, for example in coffee grafting using rootstock that Ekselsa coffee (Coffea exelsa), clone BGN 121.09 and Robusta clones Bp 961.

Way technical culture by way of the opening of the planting hole, crop rotation and manufacture of barrier trenches, coffee pruning and plant protector.

Biological control using natural enemies such as bacteria, fungi and nematodes predators that aims to reduce the population. Control with organic pesticides every 3 months.